The function of the automobile water pump is to pressurize the coolant to ensure that it circulates in the cooling system. Generally speaking, it is to let the water continuously circulate through the various parts of the radiator engine block to take away heat and ensure that the engine is not high temperature.
In the cylinder block of the car engine, there is a water channel for multiple cooling water circulation, which is connected with the radiator (commonly known as the water tank) placed in the front of the car through a water pipe to form a large water circulation system. There is a water pump, driven by a fan belt, to pump out the hot water in the water channel of the engine block and pump in the cold water.
There is also a thermostat next to the water pump. When the car is just started (cold car), it is not turned on, so that the cooling water does not pass through the water tank, but only circulates in the engine (commonly known as small circulation), and waits for the temperature of the engine to reach 80 degrees or more. When it is turned on, the hot water in the engine is pumped into the water tank, and the cold wind blows through the water tank when the car moves forward, taking away the heat, which is roughly how it works.
The car water pump is used to drive the coolant circulation, and the engine can only cool down when the coolant circulates. The function of the water pump is to pressurize the coolant flowing through the radiator and send it into the cylinder water jacket to facilitate the flow of cooling water.
Gasoline Pump Maintenance
Early car engines did not have the important accessory we consider essential today, the water pump. The liquid cooling medium used at that time was pure water, at most mixed with a little wood alcohol to prevent freezing. The circulation of cooling water is completely dependent on the natural phenomenon of thermal convection.
After the cooling water absorbs heat from the cylinder block, it naturally flows upward and enters the upper part of the radiator; after the cooling water becomes cold, it naturally sinks to the bottom of the radiator and enters the lower part of the cylinder block. Using this thermosiphon principle can barely complete the cooling task. But soon after, a water pump was added to the cooling system to allow the cooling water to flow more quickly.
The cooling system of modern automobile engine generally adopts centrifugal water pump. The reasonable installation position of the water pump is at the bottom of the cooling system, but most of the water pumps are placed in the middle of the cooling system, and a few water pumps are placed on the top of the engine. The water pump placed on top of the engine is prone to cavitation.
No matter where it is, the pumping volume of the water pump is very large. For example, the pumping volume of the water pump of a V8 engine is about 750L/h at idle speed and about 12000L/h at high speed. In terms of service life, the biggest change in pump design was the introduction of ceramic seals a few years ago, which are more wear-resistant than the previous rubber or leather seals.
But it also has the disadvantage of being easily scratched by hard particles in the cooling water. Although continuous improvements have been made in the design to prevent the failure of the water pump seal, so far it has not been possible to guarantee that the water pump seal will be free from problems. Once the seal leaks, the lubrication of the water pump bearing will be washed away.